End of the Semester Post

With finals underway, and the end of the semester so close, it is only natural to wonder what you learned in the classes that you've been in for a few months.  I remember when Jamie Smith first convinced me to take this class- she walked into my room and told me this would be a great class to take for the semester.  I then signed up for DigiCiv, and have never had a class quite like this one.

I learned a lot from this class- not from lectures from the professors, but primarily through my own research and projects that led me to attain new knowledge.  Instead of being graded on a test, we are graded on learning- a really amazing idea.  I believe I learned as much from this class as from a normally structured class at BYU, and I was able to do it without the countless hours of worrying and studying for tests. This is what I learned:

1.  In the History department, I was able to learn a lot more about the 20th century and the cultural revolution, especially about the cultural revolution.  I researched a lot on American history as well, fascinated by the country that is our home.  Although the 20th century was a focus, I was not limited to learning about the 20th century.  Because of presentations in class, and the self-directed learning prospect, I was able to learn more about the 17th through the 21st centuries as well.  Here are some of my posts that reflect my learning on history:
20th Century America and Mao Zedong
Lincoln's Grasp of America
American Compromises
Coming All Together

2. For the Core Digital Concepts, I learned a great deal.  By reflecting on control, participation, information and openness, I began thinking of the digital world in a way that I have never thought of before.  I was intrigued a lot by openness, and wondered what was the perfect way to achieve both openness for America without leading to a state of chaos.  In a world today where participation is much more prevalent, nations are becoming less and less able to control the people when they have so much information and participation in their respective nation.  Where will this lead?  No one knows.  But I know I have posted about this stuff!
Information and Participation in the 20th Century: A Mystery!
Control and Participation: Inverses

3. In Digital Literacy, I have learned to follow the three basic components:

• Consume is where one gathers information from digital sources in order to attain quality information.  For me, I loved to just do the quick Google Search, and I still do, but I have learned to look more in websites that I previously would not have looked at.  I love to research digital concepts by going through my favorite news website, cnn.com, and check out their top news.  I also used the books for class in order to learn a great deal on information and the 20th century cultural revolution, both fascinating aspects to the world today.  I have been attempting to use more legitimate sources since I have been in this class- using more scholarly blogs and articles than before.  I t has been hard to not default on the traditional Wikipedia search, but I feel I have been relatively successful in this process.
  Sources for the Ebook
• Create is basically the proponent of Digital Literacy that is this entire blog!  I create my own ideas and put them down on paper(so to speak) for the world to see, all on this blog.  Not only have I been writing on this blog to share the questions and ideas that permeate my mind, but I have also used the create aspect in the digiciv book that we have created.  For the ebook, I was able to write about art's connection to technology today in the form of CGI graphics and advertisement, which has been an awesome opportunity for me to use valuable resources to write something intellectual and proper on my own.
• Connect is what makes this class special.  It is normal for a kid in class to consume and create in the form of research papers, essays, homework assignments, journals, etc.  However, the connect aspect of this class makes it truly special.  I have been using Google+ as well as this blog to share my ideas not only with this class, but also with my community.  I have been able to have a graphic design professor in Southern California read and respond to my work(though this is probably the most substantial connection)  Not only that, but my entire class can read this blog, and share their own ideas about it throughout the semester.  I have been able to also read other students' works and see their ideas and connections in comparison to mine.

4. Self-Directed Learning has also been a huge aspect of this class.  I was not used to the idea of self-directed learning when I first joined this class in January, but I am now quickly becoming fond of the concept.  I love to research concepts that are relevant to me, and then write about them in order to develop these ideas.  By writing on this blog and reflecting on online articles, I have been able to learn a great deal about technology's effect ont he world today.  I have learned about different concepts by using these articles I find online.
Control and Information Inverse Post in which I use the information of a CNN article to back me up
Not only this, but I have used Google+ to post many articles online which have helped develop my learning in the world of digital civilization.  Some of these articles are:
New York Times: Google Glasses
Using Technology to Stop a Locust Problem
MegaUpload's Creator in Custody for his Website
(I couldn't figure out how to link to specific Google+ posts, so here are the articles I used)

5. Collaboration was probably the most prominent in the class during the final project, in which about 7 students worked together for four weeks to create a vast collection of knowledge in the form of an ebook. It was great to be able to work with students who had the same aspirations and thoughts as I did about Art and Music. Together, we were able to successfully show how the Arts were affected by technology throughout the centuries.  By using a GoogleDoc, we were able to each put our own ideas, and then slowly form it to become one coherent message to the world:
Arts Collaboration
Not only was collaboration useful for the final project, but it was also useful in the smaller projects nearer to the middle of the semester.  By using Prezzi and collaborating in the library, I was able to create successful projects for both the 20th century and for the information group that presented.  Also by using Google Hangouts, I was successfully able to use technology to help projects and presentations when not everyone could meet together in the library.

This class has been a wonderful experience for me, and I am very glad that I took it.  Not only has this class opened my eyes to the digital revolution we live in now, it also helped me to become a much more effective learner.

Digital Citizens Unite Invitation Event Report

So this past Wednesday, the "Digital Citizens Unite" Event was enacted in the Tanner Building, broadcasting to an online audience as well as to a live audience.  In order to make this the huge success it was, I made many efforts to bring intellectual minds as well as friends to this major event.

I first personally invited Willard Snow, a teacher of graphic design at the San Francisco Art Institute and freelance graphic artist.  Because the Arts group discusses the changes in art mediums, he was very interested in how technology currently affects the arts.  Willard was able to personally attend the event, and responded very positively about how revolutionary the concepts and ideas are.

I also invited David Burton, a manager at the company Vivint, and his wife Emma Burton, who are both close friends of mine.  They were unable to attend the presentation in person, but they did watch it through the live Webcast, and also responded very positively.

I aso invited my roommate Drew Rupard, who loves the arts very deeply.  She was able to only watch the beginning of the presentation because she had previous commitments later, but she enjoyed the openness and arts groups immensely.

I invited Christopher Lancaster, a music major and another lover of the arts to the presentation as well.  He was able to attend the presentation personally, and he loved the concepts that were displayed in the presentation- especially the concept of openness.

I also personally invited Hattie Woods, Brendan Smith, Haley Schuster, Priscilla Cancado, and Micah Clemence, fellow freshmen and hall mates, but they were all bound by previous commitments and were unable to come to the presentation.

Lastly, I invited my mother and my brother to the event to attend via webcast.  They were both unable to watch the video, however because of previous commitments as well.

Overal, I was able to get five out of the twelve people I personally invited to attend the major event, which is almost fifty percent.  Although less than half of the people came, I am glad that people who were actually very interested in these digital concepts were able to come.

Along with personally inviting 12 people to come to this event, I also promoted the presentation in front of my entire ward, asking them to come to the presentation.  I also invited many friends to the event through the "Facebook Event" page, as well as promoted the presentation through frequent status updates on Facebook.  Hopefully, thanks to these additional efforts, I was able to get some people to watch the event from their computer.

For the presentation itself, I contributed to the presentation by rapping about the current century, and the different aspects of technology vs. the arts.  For the presentation, I memorized the lyrics(though stage fright unfortunately made me temporarily lose that memory) and rapped in front of the entire group.  I am glad that I was able to be a creative part of this presentation and help express the effects of technology on the arts.

Art and Music: Introduction

So I was elected by the professors to be a co-leader of the Arts & Music group.  As a lover of all things relating to the arts, I was elated to be able to be such a large part of the Arts & Music Group.  I have grown up around the arts throughout my whole life:

My mom majored in art in college, and her art skills inspired me as a child to be an artist as well.  Since then, I have always enjoyed writing and drawing whenever I have free time and a blank sheet of paper.  I also began playing the violin in third grade, and continued to play it until my sophomore year of high school.  Since then, I have taken an AP Art History class and loved understanding the evolution of art throughout our history.

And that is what our focus is on the arts- the evolution of art with technology over the centuries.

It is clear to most people that technology has a large influence on the arts- whether it be dubstep remixes of songs, graphic design, and new software that can allow someone to be a DJ or an artist.  However, the focus is on how this technology changed how we use our art, and whether this change is for the better, or for worse.

In centuries past, religious and secular leaders, as well as anyone who was of aristocracy would commission artists to paint their portraits so that their beauty would be captured forever on a canvas.  However, this pattern has been diminished to the point where only very few people will pay for a portrait, especially when they can just pay a photographer to take their picture.  In today's culture, there are very few people who can create art on traditional mediums and make enough of a living to be independent.  The American government has cut back on spending to support artists, and soon traditional mediums may disappear from the world forever.

What's replacing these traditional mediums, however, are new technology-driven mediums like CGI, graphic design, and software that allows one to perform art on a computer.  It seems that most people have completely dropped traditional art, and moved on to the art that provides more money and is more technology-driven.  However, this has allowed so many more people to become artists on their own- famous techno artists like Skrillex and Wolfgang Gartner(not so famous maybe) became famous by using software programs on their laptops to create their own music.  Without these programs, they could have never become as famous as they are today.

Is it okay to drop old mediums of art, and move on to the world of technology?

Technology and Computer Arts: An Annotated Bibliography

Beginning this assignment for my three pages of content, I decided I wanted to take the part of learning about the role of art in CGI graphics, and whether art can live on in the form of digital technology such as those graphics.  So I began with a simple google search, as is my normal study go-to habit.  I received very-little to nothing on CGI and technology when it comes to computer graphics.  Refining my search, I came upon an article by Michael Naimark that shortly discussed the relationship between technology and art in the computer world.  Using his homepage, I was able to find more works of his, and then look at his references for those works.  Naimark was a good source, but I needed more info on this subject.  Thus, I was brought to different scholarly articles by Csuri and Nols, two leading computer artists in this world of diminishing art.  After reading their works, I was able to construct my paragraphs and write three pages of useful content.

But why is computer-generated art and CGI so important in the world of art?  Because it is the new medium of everyday life all over the world.  The world has turned away from the traditional canvas and oil paintings, and look to the world of technology now.  With art left behind, it had to adapt to the computer-driven world, and although not as prominent as artists were in the past, it is growing quickly, and can be a strong medium and backbone to the 21st century of artists.  By having these works available, and artists pioneering the way for current generation artists, art will be able to grow in an increasingly technological world.

Further Reading:

• Csuri, Charles and Raffers, James. (Art, Computers, and Mathematics. Columbus, 1968). This discusses the role of artists when working computers, and how the computers themselves are a special artistic contribution. Also discusses the increasing need for artists to be like scientists to use computer art, and how computers in their intelligence can help artists achieve a new art unlike any other. [I found this work first by researching the history of computer art and CGI graphics. Upon finding a concise and helpful history by Ohio State University, I looked at its references and came upon this article.]

• Naimark, Michael. (Truth, Beauty, Freedom, and Money: Technology-Based Art and the Dynamics of Sustainability. Cambridge, 2003). This work discusses the role of art has today in a technology-driven world. It first states that computer art is growing, but the purpose and intent of art is disappearing. Art is being used increasingly for advertisement companies and the government, and less and less for the individual artist. Naimark then sets forth a plan to help art be more successful primarily in the United States. [I found this work after researching Naimark, who is integral in the studies of art and computer animation. After going to his website, I was able to find a link to this article.]

• Noll, A. Michael. (The Digital Computer as the Creative Medium. 1967.). This article discusses how computers have affected artists, and how the computer's advanced technology is evolving the way art is seen and heard across the world. It also discusses how the computer adapts to the person using the computer, so artistic individuality is very possible and very real when using computer art.[I also found this work first by researching the history of computer art and CGI graphics. Upon finding a concise and helpful history by Ohio State University, I looked at its references and came upon this article in PDF form.]

Thought Leaders:

• Michael Naimark (Truth, Beauty, Freedom, and Money: Technology-Based Art and the Dynamics of Sustainability. Cambridge, 2003). Michael Naimark helped found a number of prominent research labs including the MIT Media Laboratory (1980), the Atari Research Lab (1982), the Apple Multimedia Lab (1987), Lucasfilm Interactive (1989), and Interval Research Corporation (1992).  At MIT, Naimark helped put together the Aspen Movie Map, a hypermedia project. [I found this work by first googling "Arts and Technology CGI" and came up with this scholarly article. Naimark has written multiple works on how the world of arts is in the 21st century].

• Charles Csuri (Beyond Boundaries. Ohio State University Press. 1963.). Charles Csuri is best known for pioneering the field of computer graphics, computer animation and digital fine art, creating the first computer art in 1964. Csuri has been recognized as the father of digital art and computer animation by Smithsonian, and as a leading pioneer of computer animation by the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) and The Association for Computing Machinery Special Interest Group Graphics (ACM SIGGRAPH). [I discovered Csuri through Ohio State University's history on the computer arts reference page.  His works coincide greatly with the topic I have, so I researched him and discovered his contribution to digital art].

• A. Michael Noll (Principles of Modern Communications Technology, Artech House, Inc. Norwood. 2001.). Currently retired, A. Michael Noll has had a varied career in communications as a researcher at Bell Labs, a pioneer in computer art and animation, staff member to the White House Science Advisor, AT&T manager and planner, academic professor and administrator, author, columnist, classical music critic, archivist, and biographer. He continues to write about telecommunication and other issues. Dr. A. Michael Noll is a professor at the Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism at the University of Southern California. [I discovered Noll the same way I discovered Csuri: through the reference page of a historical view of computer art.  His works on modern technology and the computer's contribution to art are very pertinent to the topic at hand.]

Coming All Together

John Winthrop gave a most famous speech when the Puritans first landed in the strange, new land of America.  He mentioned the importance that his Massachusetts Bay Colony be a perfect community.  This small group of families were to be examples for the whole world to see and emulate.  It was called "City Upon a Hill," which comes from the Book of Matthew in the Bible.  He believed this nation was to be the moral and civil example of a perfect community, and everything he did was to help further this cause.

I look at all my past blogs, and I can definitely see an emphasis on great moments in American History.  Maybe it is because I loved my AP US class in high school, or maybe it is because I love America itself(which I am still not sure about), but despite the reason, there is still the emphasis.

I spoke about President Lincoln, and his somewhat controversial control of the government.  I also spoke about the Constitutional Convention, and the hard decisions they made in creating the government we have today.  I mention American daily life in the 20th Century, and I also mention democratic beauty that disallows authoritarian leaders to take control of our nation.  And my favorite mention of American history is Horatio Alger Jr.'s novels that were sold in the late 19th and early 20th century, which gave a large degree of false hope to many poor young boys who shelled out their life savings for one of the books.

I think I enjoy writing about huge moments in American History because these huge events were caused by decisions made by government leaders and president.  They had to choose this course of history on their own.  They were able to lead our nation, at least to some degree, successfully.  And I am living in that nation now, and a part of the results of their choices.  And I am confident that most of our leaders today, when making these difficult decisions, wondered whether their decision would reflect a "city upon a hill" or a "city lying on a ditch."

Compromise Rambling

In American Heritage, I had to study up on the Constitutional Convention of 1787 and understand all of the points of view, the issues, and the hardships that go into making a government.  Points such as "who has the power, and how much should they have?" were asked time and time again.  How was the legislature to be elected?  Representational votes?  Popular vote?

Well, in the end, we all ended up with a government based on a compromise.  And this led me to think: a lot of things are formed based on compromises- nearly every law in the United States has compromise, everyday business deals made are compromises, legal issues, and even talking to your teacher about your not so good grade can end up in a compromise.

Most nations have a history of compromises, especially the United States.  When the constitution was first being formed, no one knew how to deal with slavery, and whether slaves get to represent the state they live in, and so the Three Fifths Compromise was formed. Again, on the issue of slavery, there was the Missouri Compromise in 1820, in which states below the 36 30 boundary were to be slave states, and future states formed above this line were to be free states.  These two compromises on slavery were made to appease both sides of the argument on slavery, yet the South still became angry with the North about their lack of support for slave states, and proceeded to secede when Lincoln became president.

So, not all compromises can end with a peaceful resolution, like the Great Compromise which formed our government as it is today.

But why do compromises happen?  Is there not a straightforward right and wrong path in every decision we make, business or ethic?

Let's take this example:
A guy lets his friend borrow a car to her hometown(let's say...6-7 hours away) for the weekend because the car owner was not going to use it.
So the friend drives the car down to the hometown, spends the weekend with her family, and then begins driving back.  However, the car begins to break down, and the friend of the guy freaks out.
The engine is fried, meaning there will be a large cost for repairs.
So who pays for the car's repairs?
On one side, the person who lent the car is the owner of the car, yes, but the friend of the owner was driving it, and had already driven about 7 hours down to her hometown.
Perhaps the stress of the car for driving too much had ruined it, or perhaps the car was not in good condition in the first place.
The worst part of a situation like this is that there is no definite wrong or right answer to this kind of question.  Or is there?

Trolling is Funny

I like watching trolls on the internet.  For example, David Thorne is my absolute favorite troller in the planet.  I read his blog whenever I am down, and laugh for hours at his funny posts.  The first one I read was this: Missing Missy, a story about a distressed lady who cannot get a proper poster for her missing cat.

In this particular trolling, however, when I am particularly somber, I will think of poor Shannon who is so stressed about her cat, and David who does little to make it better.  In fact, he tells her vivid situations in which the cat could be in terrible danger or pain.

So yeah, we laugh at Shannon's expense.  But is it really much of an expense?  To David, he just wanted to get some laughs out of a favor he was doing for his workmate.  I mean, he was making the posters.

 Judith Donath, who researched the identities and purposes of trolls in a psychological manner, states in her book Identity and Deception in a Virtual Community that:

The troll attempts to pass as a legitimate participant, sharing the group's common interests and concerns; the newsgroups members, if they are cognizant of trolls and other identity deceptions, attempt to both distinguish real from trolling postings, and upon judging a poster a troll, make the offending poster leave the group. Their success at the former depends on how well they – and the troll – understand identity cues; their success at the latter depends on whether the troll's enjoyment is sufficiently diminished or outweighed by the costs imposed by the group. Trolls can be costly in several ways. A troll can disrupt the discussion on a newsgroup, disseminate bad advice, and damage the feeling of trust in the newsgroup community.

This section here makes trolls seem like sadistic people, though.  Their enjoyment is derived by the pain of others.  But, in reality, that really is what trolls come down to be.  They mess with people to get a certain reaction from them.  For their enjoyment.

So is David Thorne really just someone who wants to cause pain for his own delight?  Well it could be seen that way, but no one can truly delve into the mind of a troller and know what he is thinking.